Dry machining is to not use any cutting fluid processing, it can virtually eliminate the traditional wet processing and environmental pollution drawbacks, which is a profound revolution in cutting technology. Because dry cutting is in line with today 's requirements of the development of green manufacturing technology, so it is a very promising new technology for cutting. But dry cutting is with high temperature, cutting power and other characteristics, there was a series of wet processing without problems. Currently, dry cutting technology is still immature, its scope of application is limited. The traditional wet cutting have many deficiencies. Therefore, it was suggested that the quasi- dry machining technology. Near Dry Machining is a cross between wet cutting and dry cutting between pure cutting mode, also known as the minimum lubrication technology. Near Dry Machining spray cooling mode, it uses very little cutting compound
and play better cooling and lubrication. Using liquid nitrogen at low temperature ( cryogenic ) machining, is the use of liquid nitrogen to the workpiece, tool or a cutting area in machining state cryogenic cooling method. Nitrogen is the most abundant element in the atmosphere, liquid nitrogen as a byproduct of oxygen industry, the source is very broad. Using liquid nitrogen as a cutting compound, directly after the application of volatile components to the atmosphere gas is returned without any contaminants from the environmental perspective, is a promising substitute for cutting tuck.
With the development of technology machinery industry as a whole, machine cutting speed faster, cutting load greater cutting temperature higher, while continuing emergence of new technology to adapt to the new materials processing, which require a new type of high-performance cutting compound meet the processing requirements; under both labor health and environmental protection requirements, cutting fluid should try not contain hazardous to human health and the environment substances. In recent years, China's imports of CNC machine tools, machining centers and other advanced equipment, more and more used if imported from abroad, transportation inconvenient, costly, therefore, the development of high-performance cutting fluid to replace imported products is imperative. In China, the water-based cutting fluid used more and more widely, and has started from the emulsion to good performance,micro- emulsion transition. In developed countries, micro- emulsion has been widely used, is vigorously developing environmentally friendly cutting fluid.
The merits of cutting fluid performance, ease of handling waste, the operator of the hazards and environmental pollution are dependent on the type and properties of these additives. As the future of cutting fluid additive must excellent performance, harmless to humans and the environment. Practice shows that the large number of applications, the use of an additive should be strictly limited in the following categories: Nitrite and similar compounds, phosphate compounds, chlorine compounds, formaldehyde, and similar compounds. Improve the quality of the cutting fluid is an effective way to research and development of new and efficient non-toxic additives.
