Computerworld - Mobile payment technologies are finally vaulting forward in the U.S. after years of slow advances.
The biggest move ahead could occur in September, when Apple is widely expected to embrace a mobile payment scheme with its next-generation iPhone.
Google Wallet, meanwhile, is nearly a year old. And the Isis consortium of three U.S. carriers could officially launch its first mobile payment network in Austin and Salt Lake City any day now.
All three of those approaches require a smartphone that's loaded with an app to communicate with a terminal at a store or other location via a near field communications (NFC) chip or Bluetooth wireless.
However, PayPal is already enabling mobile payments in the cloud for 50 million mobile users without the need for a physical phone at the point of purchase. PayPal customers buying goods at The Home Depot and other stores can simply enter a mobile phone number and PIN at a checkout keypad to transfer money from a PayPal account linked to a bank account or a credit card.
PayPal recently announced its customers will be able to use their accounts to buy goods at stores where the Discover credit card is honored starting in the second quarter of 2013.
Meanwhile, Starbucks allows customers to pay for coffee by using its in-store optical scanners at checkout to read a user's smartphone screen to deduct money from a Starbucks card. Dunkin' Donuts recently announced a similar technology.
Various other mobile payment approaches have recently emerged, including the Merchant Customer Exchange, a mobile payments network announced Aug. 15 that will rely on smartphones and some unnamed technology. The founders include retail heavyweights Best Buy, Walmart, Target and 7-Eleven.
Square, a company that makes postage stamp-sized credit card readers plugged into smartphones, also recently got a $25 million infusion from Starbucks. The company already has 2 million small business customers for its device, but will process credit and debit card payments starting this fall at Starbucks stores and offer customers a Pay with Square app to buy coffee.
Too many choices
With so many new mobile payment systems surfacing, analysts say they could pose too many choices and will only confuse the buying public. Since the U.S. already has a number of credit card options, including Visa, MasterCard, American Express and Discover, some users won't be motivated to try another payment option linked to a smartphone.
"The fundamental problem with mobile payments in this country, compared to other parts of the world, is that users have so many options already to pay for things," said Jack Gold, an analyst at J. Gold Associates. "If I have five credit cards in my wallet, do I need to have one or more in my phone as well? And do I trust the issuer of the mobile credit card enough to use that service? And if I use my phone to pay, is that really all that much easier than pulling a card out of my wallet?"
Gold said there will be some "gadget freaks" who will use smartphones with mobile payment apps "just because it's cool." In order for mobile payments to go mainstream, he said the apps and steps required have to be "really easy to use," and the service has to be trusted and sufficiently unique that a consumer cannot get in other ways.
Because of these obstacles, mobile payments will take several more years to develop in North America, Gold predicted.
Gold's sentiment is shared by other analysts, who note that consumer awareness of mobile apps and payment services is still very low.
Some major U.S retailers are more interested than consumers in mobile payments technology and apps, in part to potentially lower the fees that they pay to the banks and credit card companies. Home Depot adopted the PayPal in-store payment system partly to lower transactions costs, noting "abusive" interchange fees charged by banks and credit card companies. Such fees paid by merchants to banks can be as high as 12% per transaction.
Because credit card companies and the banks they represent are concerned about losing customers in coming years to other creditors, such as the merchants or wireless carriers, all the major credit card companies are revving up support for mobile wallet technologies, analysts said.
