Green roads are one of the types of roads which are particularly un- surfaced and usually an unpaved rural route. Shoulder is another word used for the reserved area by the verge of a road and is usually slightly narrower than a full traffic lane. With every road and highway construction, our most of the environmental property destroyed which somewhere affects us too, but as human mind develop new technologies and developing the concept of green lane, reduces most of the economical and environmental issues.
The main reason why green roads are important is to compete with the developing world in terms of building its own highways to connect various countries and countries have to decide, whether blacktop or green and dirty or clean. The old construction methods of roads and highways would lead to exceptional environmental impact and also contribute to global warming which all results in increase the economic costs of the budget. Green lanes (roads) are classified in different categories such as:
• A byway open to all traffic, means these are open for every users and for all types of traffic.
• An unclassified country road, which are legally the same as the ordinary road network but these routes are not an official right of way classification.
• A footpath which has pedestrian rights only.
• A restricted byway which allow pedestrian and vehicles other than mechanically propelled vehicles like bicycle.
• A bridleway route which allow cyclists, pedestrian and horse traffic as well.
If we talk about the shoulder or hard shoulder, they are generally kept clear of motor vehicle traffic. These are helpful in various purposes such as:
• It provide separate space for bicyclists to ride out of vehicle traffic.
• It increase the road safety by allowing some extra space for motorists.
• It allow pedestrian to walk on in the area where sidewalks are not present.
• It increases the life expectancy of road surface by allowing water top move away from the roadway.
• It is very useful to bypass the traffic congestion for emergency vehicles like ambulance etc.
• It reduces the risk of splash and hydroplaning on the curved roads as it move the gutter away from the travel lane.
• During commuting hours in some urban areas, they are used as travel lane.
Hard shoulder is sometimes not paved to same thickness as through the lane to save money, so it would degenerate if vehicles were to attempt to it through lane regularly.
Nowadays new approaches are come in road construction technology and old ways are fading. The use of green roads and shoulder are very popular in several countries because of their benefits and advantages.
