This paper opens a Special Issue on Water Planning in Australia, with an overview of tools to effectively manage disputes and achieve consensus on groundwater. This includes identification of societal values in environmental water assets, and better integration of indigenous and intergenerational interests into water decisions.
Australian governments have set an ambitious policy agenda for reform. By 2010, water plans were to have provided for the return of all overallocated or overused systems to environmentally sustainable levels of extraction.
However, many communities do not yet have full confidence in water plans or their processes.
In two national research projects, researchers at Griffith University and Charles Sturt University have developed practical tools for transparent and engaging processes to build confidence in water planning.
The researchers observe that inherent politicised risks in water planning mean that current methods of public participation, such as information giving and allowing written submissions, are ‘safer’ and more easily managed.
To demonstrate their role in building community confidence using best available science, tools were trialled including agent-based participatory modelling, deliberative multi-criteria evaluation, social impact assessment, and groundwater visualisation models.
The suite of ‘good practice’ tools, including indigenous engagement, is fully described in the articles of this Special Issue on Water Planning in Australia.
Evaluations show deliberative processes have much to offer when applied to questions that have been developed collaboratively and formulated carefully to allow implementation of findings.
Interactive tools and those which have high visual impact are consistently rated highly by all sectors of the community, both indigenous and non-indigenous, and also by water planners.
These results have implications for water planning internationally, especially where science is contested, social values are uncertain, and communities are diverse.
