Definition: Marquetry is a decorative surface treatment in which thin pieces of wood, mother of pearl or metal are laid together in a pattern which is affixed to another sturdier support. The word comes from the French word marqueterie, from marqueter which means to checker.
History
The technique has been use for centuries. There are examples ancient Egyptian tomb paintings showing marquetry furniture being made and some of that furniture still exists. The technique of marquetry was also very popular in Asia as you will find plenty of examples from China, India, Japan and Persia. Marquetry also found much popularity in sixteenth-century Europe.
Technique
The technique consists of arranging numerous small pieces to form a design or picture. The pieces are assembled somewhat like a jigsaw puzzle and then glued to a sturdy supporting piece. The technique of marquetry is most often used on case goods and accessories.
Traditionally, the process was both expensive and laborious because it involved a great level of skill and time to cut the pieces from the expensive woods and other material. The invention of the jigsaw blade near the end of the sixteenth century made it possible to work more quickly and even cut several pieces at one time. The increased speed and ease of use made it less expensive as it also cut down on wasted material.
Material
A variety of materials are used for marquetry.
Thin pieces of expensive or rare wood
Metal
Organic material, such as shell or mother-of-pearl
These are the most commonly and traditionally used materials, but there is no limit to what can be used.
